MEEN 260 MEEN260 Strain gauge and LVDT lab – Texas A&M

Description

MEEN 260 MEEN260 Strain gauge and LVDT lab – Texas A&M

LAB 3 –VIBRATION MEASUREMENT USING A LINEAR VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCER (LVDT) AND A STRAIN GAUGE

REQUIRED PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Proper Lab Attire (see Safety and Orientation Section).

LIST OF EQUIPMENT

•Computer with LabView.

•Cantilever beam setup [with LVDT].

•Cantilever beam setup [with Strain gauge].

•Bridge Analog input module [NI-9237].

•1-slot CompactDAQ chassis [NI cDAQ-9171].

•Quarter-Bridge Completion Accessory [NI-9944].

•Vernier Caliper.

OBJECTIVES

1.To calculate the theoretical natural frequency of a cantilever beam

2.To estimate experimentally, its natural frequency and damping ratio using an LVDT sensor

3.To estimate experimentally, its natural frequency and damping ratio using a strain gauge

4.To compare the experimental results with the theoretical values

5.To estimate statistically, the uncertainty of the measured quantities

6.To measure the mass of an object using the cantilever beam and the strain gauge

THEORY

The Linear Variable Displacement Transducer (LVDT):

The LVDT is a sensor used widely in industry to monitor the position (displacement) of various objects. Figure 3-1 illustrates the operation of an LVDT.

This device, which is very much like a transformer, is made up of a primary winding and two secondary windings as well as a Ferritic (iron) core. The input voltage is usually a sinusoidal voltage (AC) and is used to excite the primary winding.

The position of the iron core determines how much each of the top and bottom secondary windings are excited as a result of the excitation of the primary winding.

For instance if the core is close to the top then the upper secondary winding is more excited and the resulting voltage is higher in amplitude than the voltage that results from the bottom secondary winding.

Conversely if the core is closer to the bottom, then the lower secondary winding produces a higher amplitude voltage than the upper one. The output voltage of the LVDT is the sum of the voltages from the upper and lower secondary windings.

Note, however, that the bottom secondary winding produces a voltage that is 180 degrees phase shiftedrelative the upper secondary winding.

You can see this if you pay attention to the way the two windings are interconnected in Figure 3-1. Also look closely at the sinusoidal voltage outputs of each winding shown in the figure where the 180-degree phase shift is evident.

The result of this 180 phase difference is that the upper and lower secondary windings produce voltages that are opposite in sign to each other and, in a sense, attempt to cancel each Lab 3- Vibration Measurement using a Linear Variable Displacement Transducer (LVDT) other out.

This means that the total output voltage from the secondary winding would be zero if the core is exactly in the middle of the two windings. On the other hand, when the core is near the top or near the

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