PSY 638 PSY638 Module 1-2 Darwin-Freud-Hall Short Paper.docx – Snhu

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PSY 638 PSY638 Module 1-2 Darwin-Freud-Hall Short Paper.docx – Snhu

PSY 638 Module 1-2 Darwin, Freud, and Hall Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis[ CITATION Jay20 \l 1033 ]. Despite being influential, many of Fred’s theories have come under heavy scrutiny and criticism. His idea that infants are sexual beings has been widely criticized but helped spark other theories from psychologists such as Alfred Adler, Erik Erickson, and Melanie Klein [ CITATION Cer16 \l 1033 ]. Freud’s theory of psychosexual development theorized that childhood experiences shape the personality and behavior of adults with the idea that parents manage their child’s aggressive and sexual drives during the first few years of life to encourage proper development [ CITATION Fre05 \l 1033 ]. Inborn Motives and Instincts or Products of One’s EnvironmentChildren are products of their environment. Today’s current social climate is charged with prejudiced and racial biases which have sparked protests and social outcry among many Americans.

PSY 638 PSY638 Module 1-2 Darwin-Freud-Hall Short Paper.docx – Snhu

The nation abolished slavery and desegregated communities however racist undertones persist. Even with the change, many racially-biased ideals are still persistent across America and often present themselves in the form of what many refer to as “white privilege”. White privilege is the inherent advantages possessed by a white person based solely on their race in a society that is characterized by racial inequality and injustice. Dr. Mahzarin Banaji, a psychologist, racism, and physical prejudice expert from Harvard University, found that children as young as three years old have learned discriminatory and racial behavior [ CITATION Bur12 \l 1033 ]. Pahike, Bigler, & Suizzo (2012) found that children whose parents have more diverse friends demonstrate decreased racial bias when compared to children whose parents have less diverse friends. Bar-Haim, Ziv, Lamy, and Hodes (2016) noted that children who grow up in a multi-racial environment versus a mono-racial environment exhibited a race-based response. Sigmund Freud is very well known for his concepts of psychoanalysis. His analysis of development has often been criticized but has aided research and shaped the views and ideas of other psychologists such as Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler (Carvone & Pervin, 2016).

PSY 638 PSY638 Module 1-2 Darwin-Freud-Hall Short Paper.docx – Snhu

Freud helped to describe the human mind with two models; one explains levels of consciousness while the other explains levels of functioning in the mind systems. One of Freud’s greatest contributions was talk therapy. According to Freud’s perspective, all energy is generated by the libido (Cherry, 2019). The psychologist also suggested that mental states are influenced by two competing forces; cathexis and anticathexis. Freud also believed that human behavior is motivated by two driving instincts; life and death instincts. Inborn Motives, Instincts, Environments: According to Reisner (2001), Freud believed that individuals progress through a series of stages of development which include, oral, anal, phallic, and latency. These were said to encompass general patterns of development. Freud was said to believe that individuals develop or are shaped based on experiences and the occurrence of events within different stages of development. Freud’s theory describes that a person’s instincts are biological and depend on.

PSY 638 PSY638 Module 1-2 Darwin-Freud-Hall Short Paper.docx – Snhu

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